Draw Bar Settings Handbook Of Nature
Hammond Organ Drawbar Settings for Romantic, Classical and Theater Organs. Brought to you by Keyboard Exchange International. These stop-lists allow an organist to reproduce many tone qualities of various pipe organs with a great deal of accuracy on your Hammond Organ. We have provided these for you in case you are looking for that sound on. Drawbar settings for rock/blues/funk/gospel: Blues: Many players use the settings I described for jazz organ. Those who don’t, of course, use a lot of different settings, but the ones below, described as either rock or Gospel settings are worth experimenting with. Suggested Landscape Photography Camera Settings. The key to maximizing depth of field is to use aperture priority mode (A or AV on your camera's dial). Aperture priority mode prioritizes aperture so that when you set the aperture to the desired setting, the camera automatically chooses a shutter speed to get a good exposure.
When it comes to playing Hammond B-3 organ in a rock band, there’s a lot of history to be aware of. If you’ve been playing a B-3 or clone in a band, you’re probably familiar with at least some of the most commonly used settings. Back in the 1950’s and 1960’s, some jazz organists in particular, liked to keep their organ settings a secret. Make sure to check out the Hammond settings of those players that came before you, as there are many secrets there to be discovered. Here are a few of my own secret settings I’ve picked up over the years - with some for beginners and some for more advanced players. The following examples should serve mainly as starting points for your own organ explorations. I am constantly tweaking my sound during a performance, nudging drawbars in and out as I play. As you get to know the B3 terrain better, you will be too! (Audio note: All audio examples here were recorded on an actual 1971 Hammond B-3 with Trek reverb going into a Leslie 122 speaker).
1. Power Drawbars
(Drawbars: 88 8800 000 / Vibrato: C-3 or none / Reverb: a tad above zero)
Ex. 1 illustrates a passage that uses the 88 8800 000 setting. The first four drawbars on the Hammond B-3 are often called the “power” drawbars. When you want to come out swinging with the guitars, use them! The second drawbar, labeled 5-1/3', is a perfect fifth above the fundamental. This “fifth flavor” gives the tone some heft, like a power chord on an electric guitar. (Imagine playing a power chord on guitar without a fifth in it)! It’s the second drawbar that provides that power inside each note.You can add some upper harmonics to make the organ soar over the guitars, with the Leslie’s fast speed providing some wind for your sails. And here’s a tip from the great organist Booker T. Try adding some C3-setting chorus vibrato to your fast Leslie passages. It will make things sound even more animated and aggressive.
2. 8088 Variations
(Drawbars: 80 8800 600 / Vibrato: None / Reverb: a bit more without drowning it)
If you omit the second drawbar on the B-3, you aren’t necessarily consigning yourself to wimpiness. As in Ex. 2, you can get a stately, churchy grandeur out of the even harmonics, which correspond to the white drawbars (with the exception of the first drawbar, or sub-fundamental). Add more white drawbars on top and you’ll be bombastic enough to be in a cathedral (or an early-1970s Genesis album, take your pick)! Special shout out to the great Verden “Phally” Allen of the classic British 1970s band Mott the Hoople for his tone on their smash hit “All the Young Dudes.” As the keyboardist in ex-Mott vocalist Ian Hunter’s band, I always got a shiver up my spine when I played Phally’s Hammond part on this song.
3. One Headlight, One Harmonic
Hammond Drawbar Settings Examples
(Drawbars: 00 8000 000 / Vibrato: None / Reverb: about the same as #2)
If you want to sound understated, sneaky, haunting, or evocative, try pulling out just one drawbar, as illustrated in Ex. 3. The third drawbar is the fundamental, so it’s a good place to start. You can sneak this in under acoustic guitars on a mellow tune, or have it well up in the dramatic pauses of a power ballad.If you want your sound to build gradually as the song builds, you can sneak in the fourth drawbar later in the song, which is one octave above the fundamental. This will feel like a natural progression and evolution from the sound of the one drawbar. Listen to the work of organist Rami Jaffee on the Wallflowers’ 1996 hit “One Headlight” for an example of how effective a subtle Hammond tone like this can be. Add-in some higher harmonics if you like a little whistle on top.
4. Earthy, Old-School R&B
(Drawbars: 88 0000 220 / Vibrato: C-3. Reverb: from dry to more than #3)
It never hurts to ground your rock in a little classic R&B, as seen and heard in Ex. 4. I had a “Eureka” moment one day when I discovered this drawbar setting used by Charles Hodges on many early 1970’s hits by Al Green, including the classic track “Love and Happiness.”Without vibrato and with the Leslie on slow, this setting sounds spacy, icy and hollow. But add some C3-setting chorus and switch your Leslie to fast, and you are authoritatively in the world of “gutbucket” R&B. Try some stabs with this one, either preceded by or followed by a glissando (or both). And if you have built-in reverb (pre-Leslie), add it in to make things downright “spooky.” If the tone is too bright for you, push in the seventh and eighth drawbars a bit. Pull out the third drawbar if you need to get powerful later in the song – you’ve already got the magic second drawbar out, so you just have to add some more muscle on top from the power drawbars and you have all the authority you need for soulful rock organ.
5. The High Moral Ground
(Drawbars: 00 8008 888 / Vibrato: C-3 or none / Reverb: same as #2)
Ex. 5 illustrates a B-3 setting where the fundamental is combined with the four upper drawbars. While this setting is sometimes called the “skating rink” tone, it’s really just misunderstood. When you use this tone in the right musical context, you soar joyously above the fray. Think of Al Kooper’s B-3 part on Bob Dylan's 1965 classic “Like a Rolling Stone.” There is a kind of grandeur in this tone too, like a little brother of the “8088 variations.” This sonority is often used by gospel and jazz organists, and in this context, its “churchiness” makes it speak as a bona fide voice of righteous indignation. Adding C3 chorus will make it even more righteously angry!
Player’s Tip
“For authenticity, whatever reverb you use should be inserted pre-rotary effect, and should be of the spring type,”says Andy Burton. Burton is currently touring the world playing Hammond B-3 (and other keyboards) with Little Steven and the Disciples of Soul. He has also performed with artists like John Mayer, Cyndi Lauper, Rufus Wainwright, Curtis Stigers, Ian Hunter, and Robert Plant. Find out more by following @andyburtonmusic on Twitter.
Broadly speaking, psychologists study the mind and behavior, but because psychology is such a diverse field, the work that individual psychologists do can vary dramatically. They often specialize in a specific area, for example, and there are myriad of psychology specialties. Here's an overview of the ways in which a psychologist might funnel his or her expertise into a career.
Two Types of Psychology Work
Psychologists may work in a wide variety of settings, including schools, universities, hospitals, private clinics, government offices, corporations, and small businesses. Psychologists primarily work in one of two broad areas: research psychology or applied psychology. Research psychologists investigate the physical, emotional, social, cognitive, and biological bases of human thought and behavior. They often conduct experiments and may work at a college or university, or be employed by a business or government office.
Applied psychologists use their knowledge of human behavior to solve real-world problems or help people overcome psychological distress. Applied psychologists may work directly with patients in a healthcare setting, such as in a hospital, mental health clinic, school, or private practice. Other applied psychologists may work in government, industry, business, or nonprofit settings. In addition to applying their knowledge of psychology directly, these professionals also may perform research, offer training, design products, create programs, or provide psychological advice.
A Day in the Life of a Psychologist
Psychologists employed in research settings often spend a great deal of time developing hypotheses and collecting data. The exact research methods they use depend largely on the topic they're studying. For example, some psychologists might perform research using lab experiments, while others might use naturalistic observation. Other methods commonly used include administering questionnaires, clinical studies, surveys, and interviews.
Psychologists employed in health care settings often spend a considerable amount of time working directly with clients. This might involve conducting assessments of new patients, diagnosing mental disorders, and performing psychotherapy. Psychologists also frequently consult with other health professionals, including doctors, nurses and other therapists.
Specialty Areas in Psychology
Here are some examples of the richly diverse specialties that make up the field of psychology.
Clinical psychologists make up the single largest specialty area in psychology. Clinicians are psychologists who assess, diagnose, and treat mental illnesses. They frequently work in mental health centers, private or group practices, or hospitals.
Hammond Drawbar Settings
Within the area of clinical psychology, there also are a number of sub-specialty areas. Some professionals are generalists and work with a wide range of clients while others specialize in treating certain types of psychological disorders or a certain age group.
For example, some clinical psychologists might work in a hospital setting with individuals suffering from brain injuries or neurological conditions. Other clinical psychologists might work in mental health centers to counsel individuals or families coping with stress, mental illness, substance abuse, or personal problems.
Clinical psychologists usually perform a broad range of tasks on a daily basis, such as interviewing patients, conducting assessments, giving diagnostic tests, performing psychotherapy, and administering programs. They might work in a hospital, school, university, prison, mental health clinic, or private practice.
There also are a number of different sub-specialty areas within clinical psychology, including health psychology, neuropsychology, and geropsychology.
According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, health psychologists are focused on promoting healthy behaviors. Neuropsychologists focus on investigating the relationship between the brain and behavior. Geropsychologists specialize in treating the special concerns of elderly populations.
Saussure_Ferdinand_de_Course_in_General_Linguistics_1959.pdf (file size: 12.95 MB, MIME type: application/pdf). Ferdinand de Saussure, Course in General Linguistics, eds. Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye with Albert Reidlinger, trans. Wade Baskin, New York: Philosophical Library,. Course in General Linguistics. Ferdinand de Saussure. Edited by Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye. In collaboration with Albert Riedlinger. Translated, with an introduction and notes by Wade Baskin. McGraw-Hili Book Company. New York Toronto London. Dear Internet Archive Supporter. I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today. We're an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Most can't afford to donate, but we hope you can. The average donation is about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free. Course in general linguistics by ferdinand de saussure pdf download. Course in General Linguistics. Ferdinand de Saussure. Edited by Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye. In collaboration with Albert Riedlinger. Translated, with an introduction and notes by Wade Baskin m S9(6). McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York Toronto London.
Counseling psychologists make up another large specialty area in psychology. These professionals perform many of the same tasks that clinical psychologists do, but counseling psychologists tend to work with clients suffering from less severe forms of mental illness.
Counseling psychology focuses on providing therapeutic treatments to clients who experience a wide variety of symptoms. The Society of Counseling Psychology describes the field as 'a psychological specialty [that] facilitates personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan with a focus on emotional, social, vocational, educational, health-related, developmental, and organizational concerns.'
Experimental psychologists (or research psychologists) conduct research on the behavior of humans and animals. They often work at universities, private research centers, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations. Some major areas of research include substance abuse, genetics, neuroscience, motivation, and cognitive processes.
Forensic psychologists work in the specialty area that deals with the intersection of psychology and the law. Forensic psychologists are often involved in custody disputes, insurance claims, and lawsuits. Some professionals work in family courts and offer psychotherapy services, perform child custody evaluations, investigate reports of child abuse and conduct visitation risk assessments.
Those working in the civil courts often assess competency, provide second opinions, and provide psychotherapy to crime victims. Professionals working in the criminal courts conduct evaluations of mental competency, work with child witnesses, and do assessments of juvenile and adult offenders.
Social psychologists are focused on understanding how interactions with other people impact individual and group behavior. These professionals often work in areas such as market research, organizational management, systems design, and other applied areas. Prominent areas of study include group behavior, leadership, attitudes, and perception.
- Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Dec 17, 2015.